state (US, Australia, India, Germany, etc.); province (e.g. Canada); continent; (arch.) dear
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
siblings; brothers and sisters; brothers; siblings-in-law; brothers-in-law; mate
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
older brother; elder brother
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
in terms of both ... and ...; from the perspective of ... as well as ...; whether it be ... or ...
younger brother; little brother; brother-in-law (spouse's younger brother or younger sister's husband); (arch.) pupil; (arch.) apprentice
poor; needy; lacking (quantity and quality-wise); poor; scanty
birth; birthplace; born in (country, month, imperial era, zodiac year, etc.)
profit; gains; benefit; advantage; grace (of God, Buddha, etc.) (esp. as attained through rightful actions, prayer, adherence to one's faith, etc.); blessing
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
contract; compact; agreement
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to work; to labor; to function; to operate; to commit (e.g. a crime); to perpetrate
person working for someone else (followed by job title); hired
(male) farmer; peasant; farmhand
wife; (arch.) my dear; (arch.) dear; garnish (esp. one served with sashimi); embellishment
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
part time (esp. female part time employees)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be found; to be discovered
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to earn (income); to make (money); to score (points, victory); to gain (time); to work hard (at one's job); to labor
household economy; family finances