young bird; chick; fledgling; hina doll; doll displayed during the Girls' Festival
young bird; chick; fledgling; hina doll; doll displayed during the Girls' Festival
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
guest; visitor; customer; client; counter for containers used to entertain guests
Bizen (former province located in the southeast of present-day Okayama Prefecture)
Okayama (city, prefecture)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
now; the present time; just now; another; more
slope; incline; hill; milestone; (age) mark
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to take (a resource, e.g. time or money); to hang; to come into view; to arrive; to come under (a contract, a tax); to start (engines, motors); to attend
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to play a leading role; to play a central part
something broad and flat; common; ordinary; low-ranking employee; freshman
subtleties; niceties; fine points; subtle; sensitive
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
spring; springtime; New Year; prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); adolescence
to occupy; to hold; to account for; to make up; to take up
10,000; ten thousand; myriad; everything; all; (arch.) various
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
standing by; awaiting an opportunity; being on alert
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style
war; fighting; fierce competition
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
deeply; keenly; severely; intently; carefully; closely
greens; vegetables; rape (Brassica napus); rapeseed
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
end (e.g. of street); tip; beginning; start; odds and ends; scrap
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to fly; to soar; to jump; to leap; to spatter; to scatter; to hurry
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to peel; to skin; to pare; to hull; to bare (e.g. fangs); to open wide (e.g. eyes)
to invite; to ask (someone to do); to tempt; to lure; to induce (tears, laughter, sleepiness, etc.); to arouse (e.g. sympathy)