indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
chest; breast; breasts; bosom; heart; lungs; stomach
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
immediately; at once; soon; before long; easily; readily
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
wife; (arch.) my dear; (arch.) dear; garnish (esp. one served with sashimi); embellishment
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to shout (in anger); to yell
busy; hurried; confused; flurried
preparation; arrangements
life; living; I; me; student
abruptly; suddenly; all of a sudden; without warning
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
honorific/polite/humble prefix
guest; visitor; customer; client; counter for containers used to entertain guests
to pick up; to find; to gather
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
adds force or indicates command
My goodness (expresses surprise, wonder, etc.); very; extremely
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
to come; to go; to be (somewhere); to be (doing)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
daughter; girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
dong dang gui (aromatic herb similar to dong quai, Angelica acutiloba); dong quai (aromatic herb used to treat various gynecological symptoms, Angelica sinensis)