at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
bamboo grass; generally smaller species of running bamboo that do not shed their sheaths (e.g. Sasa spp.)
seeming; giving the appearance of; giving one the feeling of
guest; visitor; customer; client; counter for containers used to entertain guests
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(not) in the least; (not) at all; (not) a bit
to fall (e.g. blossoms, leaves); to scatter; to be dispersed; to disappear; to dissolve; to spread
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
twelve o'clock; midnight; noon
half; semi-; half-past; odd number; (arch.) unit of land area (595.8 m^2)
twelve o'clock; midnight; noon
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hit; to strike; to strike (noon, etc.); to sound (cymbals, etc.); to beat (rhythmically, e.g. pulse, waves, etc.); to move; to impress
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
head (of a household); proprietor (of a store); one's husband; (one's) employer; (one's) master; host
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
bell (used for summoning or signalling); buzzer
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
to ring; to sound; to be popular; to be esteemed; to state; to insist
supper; night meal; late-night snack; "fourth meal"; midnight snack
remnant; residue; remaining; left-over
to hang; to suspend; to lower; to reduce; to demote; to move back
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
to order; to command; to appoint
in that way; thus; so; so?
to dig out; to gouge out; to scoop; to ladle; to jerk (one's chin)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
much more; still more; single layer (or storey, etc.); (arch.) rather; (arch.) sooner
armchair; chair with arm rests; senior staff
to sink (into one's seat, etc.); to leap to one's death (by drowning); to be reduced to (esp. working as a prostitute)
roll (e.g. of cloth); winding (e.g. watch); volume (of book); speeding up; heel (of a Japanese sandal)
to ignite; to set fire to; to spark (an incident, etc.); to inflame (a situation, etc.)
while; during; while; although; all; both
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise