words; writing; ci (form of Chinese poetry); independent word
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
to line up; to put in a row; to add (to a group); to accept (as a member of an organization, etc.); to link; to put together
name; title; designation; fame; reputation
appreciation; admiration; enjoyment
Japanese-Chinese; Japan and China
ancient and modern times; all ages; past and present
custom; general rule; convention; usually; generally; as a rule
but; however; even though; even if
righteousness; justice; right
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
shallow; superficial; slight (wound); light (sleep); short (time); early
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
dress; attire; clothing; getup; outfit; personal appearance
I; me; oneself; (arch.) you; (arch.) prefix indicating familiarity or contempt
Echigo (former province located in present-day Niigata Prefecture)
some; several; many; how many; how much; very
height; stature; length (esp. of clothing); all (one has); everything; magnificence (of a waka poem, etc.)
unmarried woman; Miss; -ess; -ette
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
to use up; to exhaust; to devote oneself (to); to do one's utmost (for); to do to exhaustion; to do completely
fortune; riches; goods; incorporated foundation
just (now); quite (near); unintentionally; subconsciously
below; down; bottom; beneath; underneath; just after; right after
to explain; to advocate; to preach; to persuade
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to plan; to attempt; to plot; to conspire; to aim for; to strive for
neck; head; dismissal; discharge
beginning; start; first (in line, etc.); origin; such as ...; not to mention ...
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
to fall (of rain, snow, ash, etc.); to come down; to form (of frost); to beam down (of sunlight or moonlight); to pour in; to visit (of luck, misfortune, etc.)
earth; ground; place; territory; bottom (of a package, book, etc.); earth (one of the five elements)
to face; to go towards; to head towards
calamity; disaster; misfortune
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
most difficult; next to impossible
will; probably; may; I think; surely; I hope
our country; our land; one's own country