first; foremost; most important; best; greatest; above all
plate; illustration; figure
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
order; ordering; beginning; start; foreword; preface
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
book; volume; this; present; main; head
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
Hokkaido (island, prefectural-level administrative unit)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
study; research; investigation
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
passage (of time); elapsing; progress; development; transit
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
result; consequence; coming to fruition; bearing fruit; as a result; consequently
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
as (much) as possible; as (much) as one can; wherever practicable; if possible
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
easy; likely to ...; have a tendency to ...; easy to ...
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
is something that; is that which
of course; certainly; naturally
speciality; specialty; subject of study; expert; area of expertise
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to decipher; to count
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
intention; plan; belief; assumption; estimate; estimation
(not) in the least; (not) at all; (not) a bit
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
nature; natural; spontaneous; naturally; spontaneously
various; all sorts of; variety of; (arch.) various colors (colours)
just; justifiable; right; due; proper; equitable
understanding; comprehension; appreciation; sympathy
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
people; men and women; each person; everybody
even a little; any at all; if only a little; no matter how little
natural phenomenon (phenomena)