indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
red; crimson; Red; communist; (arch.) beautiful
minute (unit of time); fun (one tenth of a monme, 5.787 grains)
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to wake up; to sober up; to come to one's senses; to become enlightened
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
just now; a little while back; a short time ago
nape (of the neck); nucha
(in the) neighbourhood; neighborhood; around; about; for instance; say
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
now; the present time; just now; another; more
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
for; for the sake of; to one's advantage; because of; as a result of
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to stand; to rise; to find oneself (e.g. in a difficult position); to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
scenery; scene; landscape
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
most; highest; maximum; best; wonderful; finest
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to borrow; to have a loan; to rent; to hire