indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Shiga prefecture (Kinki area)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
counter for articles; counter for military units; individual
at that time; in those days
north; the North; northern territories; North Korea; (arch.) north wind
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to branch; to fork; to separate; to split; to disperse; to scatter
now; the present time; just now; another; more
together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
merger (of companies, towns, etc.); combination; union; amalgamation; consolidation; coalition
department (in an organization); division; club; part; component; category
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
smallness; small item; short month (i.e. having fewer than 31 days); elementary school; smaller (of two things, places, etc. with the same name); inferior; younger (of two people with the same name)
mountain range; mountain belt
two reams (of paper); 1000 sheets (of paper); stanza; verse; tribe (in taxonomy); forecast (bet); bet which predicts the top 2 finishers (i.e. quinella or perfecta bet)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
peak; summit; ridge; back of a blade
Ōmi (former province located in present-day Shiga Prefecture)
protection; safeguard; shugo (Kamakura or Muromachi period military governor)
Mr; Mrs; clan; he; him; counter for people
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
Avalokiteshvara (Bodhisattva); Avalokitesvara; Kannon; Kwannon; Guanyin; Buddhist deity of compassion