first; foremost; most important; best; greatest; above all
compilation (of a text); editing; volume (of a text); completed literary work
counter for the ichi-ni-san counting system (usu. directly preceding the item being counted); noun read using its on-yomi; counter for articles; indicates possessive (esp. in place names)
peak; summit; ridge; back of a blade
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to ascend; to go up; to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the Sun); to rise; to go to (the capital); to be promoted; to add up to
to smoke (e.g. fire); to billow smoke; to smoulder; to be hazy; to look dim
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
(arch.) sky; cloud; distant place; high place; imperial court
to tell; to inform; to announce; to indicate; to signal; to mark
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
people; citizens; subjects; folk
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
Meiji era (1868.9.8-1912.7.30)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
chapter one; first chapter
to beg; to ask; to request; to invite
department (in an organization); division; club; part; component; category
20 years old; (arch.) twenty
10,000; ten thousand; myriad; everything; all; (arch.) various
minute (unit of time); fun (one tenth of a monme, 5.787 grains)
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
sunlight; sunshine; sunbeams
Utsunomiya (city in Tochigi)
to spread; to extend; to unfold; to open; to scatter about; to spread around
to surround; to encircle; to besiege; to lay siege to; to play (go, shogi, etc.)
south face; south side; the south; ascending the throne; ruling
source (of a river); fountainhead; source; origin; root
to let out; to utter; to issue; to send; to leave; to depart
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
to be piled up; to lie on top of one another; to come one after another; to happen over and over; to overlap (each other); to occur at the same time
green; greenery (esp. fresh verdure)
fold; pleat; folds (e.g. of a mountain); crease; (hidden) detail; nuance
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
flowing south (e.g. of a river)
to notice; to recognize; to recognise; to become aware of; to perceive; to realize
will; probably; may; I think; surely; I hope
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis