revision; revised edition
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
order; ordering; beginning; start; foreword; preface
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to become famous; to go out into the world; to make one's way in the world; to appear
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
eta; group comprising the lowest rank of Japan's Edo-period caste system and whose work usually involved handling human bodies or animal carcasses
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
deep emotion; strong feelings
a little over; a little more than; powerhouse; one of the biggest; upper (seismic intensity)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
Shōwa era (1926.12.25-1989.1.7); reminiscent of the Shōwa era; Shōwa- nostalgic; old-fashioned
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
manuscript; copy; draft; notes; contribution
to finish writing; to complete; to write down (e.g. a list); to write out
January; first month of the lunar calendar
twentieth day of the month; twenty days
dated; date; fixed; external
to write (e.g. a letter); to draw up (a document); to take down (e.g. notes); to have (lunch, dinner, etc.); to eat
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
February; second month of the lunar calendar
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
emphasis; highlight; stress; stressed point
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
doctrine; rule; principle; -ism
to advance; to go forward; to precede; to go ahead (of); to make progress; to improve; to deepen
wood; woods; forest; bunch (of something); cluster; line
cabinet (of a government); ministry