plot of land; lot; soil; locality; region; place
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
news; tidings; information; correspondence; letter
a family; a household; (one's own) style; school; gang; (yakuza) family
family tradition; (arch.) wind blowing from the direction of one's home
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
dwelling; house; residence; address
to live; to reside; to inhabit
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
perhaps; likely; probably; I dare say
through; throughout; in the course of; all over or throughout (e.g. a place)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
number one; first; best; most; game; round
old; aged; long; since long ago; of the distant past; long-ago
weapon; arms; ordnance; weapon (something used to gain an advantage); asset
moss; short plants resembling moss (incl. other bryophytes, lichens, very small spermatophytes, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
raw; uncooked; natural; as it is; unprotected (sex); live (i.e. not recorded); inexperienced
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
awning (over window, doorway); eaves (of roof); narrow aisle surrounding the core of a temple building; visor (of a cap); brim; classic Japanese women's low pompadour hairstyle
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
to hang; to droop; to give (e.g. lesson, instruction, scolding) (to someone of lower status); to confer; to drip; to ooze; to leave behind (at death)
entrance; entry; gate; approach; mouth
head; hair (on one's head); mind; brains; leader; chief; top
to stick; to get stuck; to be unavailable; to be busy; to be piled up (e.g. of work); to halt (in one's speech)
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
cross; crossed; cruciform
sky; heaven; God; svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth); deva (divine being of Buddhism); top (of a book); sole (of a Japanese sandal)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
(following a verb) to be sure to; to do (something) so that ...; to make sure to; to try to
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence