one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
hospital; clinic; doctor's office; doctor's surgery; infirmary
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
garden; yard; courtyard; field (of action); area
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
great burdock (Arctium lappa); gobo
great burdock (Arctium lappa); gobo
grass; weed; (arch.) ninja; not genuine; substandard; LOL
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
plain; field; hidden (structural) member; wild; lacking a political post
cannabis (Cannabis sativa); hemp (plant); hemp (fiber); linen; flax
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
unevenness (of colour, paint, etc.); irregularity; unevenness (of quality, results, behaviour, etc.); inconsistency; fickleness; capriciousness
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
frequent; densely packed; thick
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
area; vicinity; side; edge; circumstances
(in the) neighbourhood; neighborhood; around; about; for instance; say
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
smallness; small item; short month (i.e. having fewer than 31 days); elementary school; smaller (of two things, places, etc. with the same name); inferior; younger (of two people with the same name)
bamboo grass; generally smaller species of running bamboo that do not shed their sheaths (e.g. Sasa spp.)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
separate room; another room; special room; (arch.) concubine (of a noble)
ridge (of roof); back of a sword; counter for buildings, apartments, etc.
chest; breast; breasts; bosom; heart; lungs; stomach
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
board; plank; sheet (of metal); plate (of glass); cutting board; chopping board
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to seem to be ...; to become like ...; to behave as ...
chimney; smokestack; funnel (of a ship); carrying a passenger without turning on the taximeter
half; semi-; half-past; odd number; (arch.) unit of land area (595.8 m^2)
middle; halfway; half (of); one half; half (e.g. done, jokingly); partly
(in gagaku or noh) middle section of a song
scary; frightening; eerie; dreadful
entrance; front door; entryway; entranceway; entry hall; vestibule
stairs; stairway; staircase
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh