foreword; preface; introduction; postscript
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
from now; from this moment; henceforth
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
before; prior to; ago; the past; before; previously
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to go upstream; to go up (a river); to go back (to the past or origin); to date back (to); to trace back (to)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
errand; mission; messenger; bearer; familiar spirit; use
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
any; anything; whatever; I am told; I hear; I understand
year; age; years; past one's prime; old age
September; ninth month of the lunar calendar
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think
smell (esp. a good smell); fragrance; scent; aroma; perfume
hot spring; onsen; hot spring resort; hot spring spa
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
manner; way; appearance; air; custom; convention; folk song (genre of the Shi Jing)
kōji; malted rice; malt; malt-like material from growing mold on rice, barley, beans, etc. (used as a starter to make sake, miso, soy sauce, etc.)
town; block; street; road; chō (unit of length, approx. 109.09 m); chō (unit of land area, approx. 0.99 hectares)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
residence; estate; grounds; premises; mansion
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
young master; young gentleman
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice