indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
clanging; empty; deserted
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
room; wife (of someone of high rank); scabbard; Chinese "Encampment" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)
centre; center; middle; capital; seat of government
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
chair; seat; stool; post; position; seat
companion; follower; attendant; retinue
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
till; to; concerning (an area of expertise); swearing by (one's sword, God, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
wall; partition; barrier; obstacle; Chinese "Wall" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); wall (of stones)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
pole; rod; line; dash; spoken monotonously
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
to stiffen; to become stiff; to harden
to stand (up); to rise; to stand (in a position; of a person, tree, building, etc.); to be situated (in, on); to be (in difficulties, the lead, etc.); to put oneself (in a position or situation); to leave (to do something)
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
second (unit of time); arc second
period of time (usu. a period of approx. two hours corresponding to one of the signs of the Chinese zodiac); carving; engraving; strictness; cruelty
sound; noise; (musical) note; fame
to be still half asleep; to be half awake; to be not yet quite awake
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
face; visage; look; (facial) expression; honor (honour); face; influence
to raise; to elevate; to move something (to a higher place); to put onto (e.g. a shelf); to increase (price, quality, status, etc.); to raise (a wage); to show someone (into a room)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
interrogative sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
speech; tongue; dialect; brogue; bento; Japanese box lunch; petal
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
... years old; age (of) ...
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to