ukiyo-e; ukiyoe; Edo-period woodblock print
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
appreciation (of art, music, poetry, etc.)
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); province (of Japan)
present age; present day; contemporary; modern era; modern times; contemporary era
in; at; on; as for; regarding; with regards to
Western civilization; Western civilisation
state of affairs; situation; conditions; circumstances
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
town; city; municipal; urban
structural alteration (of a building); reconstruction; rebuilding; remodelling; remodeling
beginning; start; first (in line, etc.); origin; such as ...; not to mention ...
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from ... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that ...; trying to ...
utensil; appliance; furniture
to arrive at (e.g. a decision); to reach (a stage); to lead to (a place); to get to; in the extreme case of; (arch.) to come
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
hobby; pastime; tastes; preference; liking
general; universal; ordinary; average; (arch.) the same; (arch.) no different
to collect; to solicit; to seek; to look for evidence; to check; to summon
more and more; increasingly; all the more
other; another; over; more than; I; me
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
letter; note; book; writings; literary arts; learning
flashiness; showiness; bloom; flowers; Republic of China
last days; the end; one's fate
to be sad; to mourn for; to regret
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
once; before; formerly; never yet; never before; first time
than; rather than; instead of; from; out of; except
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
by chance; by accident; accidentally; occasionally; once in a while; now and then
before the gate; in front of the gate
to stand (something) up; to put upright; to thrust into; to bury into; to make (a noise); to let out; to raise (a cloud of dust, smoke, etc.)