palanquin; litter; bier; kago
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to attack; to assail; to succeed (someone in a post, role, etc.); to make a sudden visit
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
dawn; daybreak; Tenmei era (1781.4.2-1789.1.25)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
November; eleventh month of the lunar calendar
third day of the month; three days
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
middle of the night; dead of night; midnight
evening; early night hours
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to hide; to be hidden; to conceal oneself; to disappear
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
star (usu. not including the Sun); planet (usu. not including Earth); star (glyph, symbol, shape); star (actor, player, etc.); small dot; spot; star point (in go)
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
frequent; densely packed; thick
cold (e.g. weather); uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
far away; distant place; long ago; far back; by far
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
dog (Canis (lupus) familiaris); squealer; rat; loser; asshole; counterfeit
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
even; (if) only; just; besides; on top of that
to shiver; to shake; to quake; to tremble; to quaver; to quiver
to be heard; to be audible; to be said to be; to be reputed
to build up; to establish; to form; to become (a state); to accomplish; to achieve; to change into
large; big; older; senior; final; ultimate
Edo (shogunate capital, now Tokyo); Yedo
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis