scrawl; scribble; graffiti; doodle
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
number (in a series); (one's) turn; watch; guard; rank; standing; bout
man (esp. one who is well-respected); samurai; person (in a certain profession, esp. licensed); member
honorific/polite/humble prefix
tenement house; row house
mud wall; earthen wall; plaster wall
sumi; India ink; squid ink; octopus ink; carpenter's inking string
in deep black; in jet black
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
sunshine; dry weather; luster; lustre
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
cloudiness; cloudy weather; fog (on a mirror, glasses, etc.); cloud (e.g. in marble); gloom; dejection
to end; to be finished; to die; to perish; to do utterly; to do completely
hazy; dim; faint; minced fish or meat that is seasoned and fried
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to spread out; to lay out; to take a position; to impose widely (e.g. over a city)
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
without; unacceptable; not alright; unsatisfactory
by means of; due to; because of; according to
to compose (e.g. poem); to recite; to intone; to chant
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
third month of the lunar calendar; (arch.) thick growth (of grass, etc.); Yayoi period (ca. 300 BCE-300 CE); Yayoi culture
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
imperial capital (esp. Kyoto); final word of an iroha poem; 10^16; 10,000,000,000,000,000
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
haze (esp. in spring); mist; dimness (of sight)
to load (a gun, etc.); to charge; to put into (e.g. emotion, effort); to include (e.g. tax in a sales price); to hang over; to shroud
to wind; to coil; to envelope; to shroud; to outflank; to skirt
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come