indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
before long; soon; almost; nearly; finally; in the end
many; numerous; large amount of; large quantity of; frequent; common
coming and going; traffic; road; street; association; socializing
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
master; boss; stable master; craftsman; artisan; (arch.) foster parent
single word; a few words; brief comment
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
after (practically) no time; immediately after; just; having no time to
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
narrow; confined; small; limited; narrow-minded; confining
to enter; to come in; to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to be contained (in); to be included (in); to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
ornamental garden stone (placed to give a natural appearance); garden rock; sacrifice stones; sacrifice (of oneself, one's career, etc.); stones used in a foundation; riprap
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to sit down; to take a seat
often; again and again; over and over again; repeatedly; frequently
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to comb back; to stroke upward; to smooth up
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to be troubled; to have difficulty; to be bothered; to be inconvenienced; to be badly off; to be hard up
by the way; incidentally; sometimes; occasionally; precisely (at that time); exactly
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
habit (usu. a bad one); tendency; peculiarity; idiosyncrasy; crease; wrinkle
more and more; all the more; at last; finally; (at the) last moment; worst possible time
charitable person; philanthropist
to receive favor; to receive assistance; to receive help; to be looked after; to be taken care of; to become dependent (on)
had better ...; had better not ...
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
soliloquy; monologue; speaking to oneself
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
for the time being; at present; (arch.) hindrance