one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
criminal condemned to death; convict on death row
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
thinking; thought; idea; notion; intention; plan
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
two persons; two people; pair; couple
end; finish; bounds; limits; delivery date (of a futures contract); finale (of a noh song); end of an act (in jōruri or kabuki)
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
(in the) presence (of); in front (of); before (someone)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to row; to scull; to pedal (e.g. bicycle); to swing (on a swing); to operate a hand pump; to push through (deep snow, the jungle, etc.)
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
to rise; to go up; to enter (esp. from outdoors); to come in; to enter (a school); to advance to the next grade; to get out (of water)
weight; weight (e.g. of someone's words); burden; importance; significance
below; down; bottom; beneath; underneath; just after; right after
back; reverse; rear side; height; stature; ridge (of a mountain)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to stoop; to bend (e.g. one's knees)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
some; several; many; how many; how much; very
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
other (place, thing, person); the rest; outside; beyond; nothing except; nothing but
people; men and women; each person; everybody
in the same way as; just like
one portion; one serving; adult; grown-up; fully fledged; established
human being; human; person; character (of a person)