order; ordering; beginning; start; foreword; preface
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
a little; some; somewhat; amount; quantity; number
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
criticism; critique; review; commentary
-ical; -ive; -like; -ish; (something) like; along the lines of
character (of a person); personality; disposition; characteristics; nature (of a thing, event, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to follow in succession; to happen one after another
each party; each faction; all sects
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
often; again and again; frequently; repeatedly
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to come near; to let someone approach; to bring near; to bring together; to deliver (opinion, news, etc.); to send (e.g. a letter); to let someone drop by
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend
position in a game of go or shogi; state of the game; aspect of an affair; situation
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
on the occasion of; at the time of
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
friend; companion; comrade; accompaniment; companion (e.g. book); complement
to desire; to wish; to beg; to request; to have something done for oneself
I; me; oneself; (arch.) you; (arch.) prefix indicating familiarity or contempt
-ian (e.g. Italian); -ite (e.g. Tokyoite); -er (e.g. performer, etc.); person working with ...; man; person
criticism; judgement; judgment; comment
definite; final; decisive; conclusive
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to consider as; to regard (as equivalent); to deem (as); to equate
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
each; (arch.) you (plural)
life; lifetime; career; for life; all one's life; throughout one's life
obstacle; impediment; hindrance; handicap; impairment; disability
no more than; just; only; mere; goes no further than