boorish; unsophisticated; unrefined; uncouth; tasteless; insensitive
study of natural laws; branch of neo-Confusianist scholarship
to discern (e.g. right from wrong); to discriminate; to distinguish; to know (manners, one's place, etc.); to understand; to bear in mind
munching; devouring; gobbling up; (arch.) shaggy; (arch.) disheveled; (arch.) unkempt
riddle; puzzle; enigma; enigmatic; mysterious
retailing; repeating (someone else's words, opinion, etc.); parroting; echoing
civilization; civilisation; culture; Bunmei era (1469.4.28-1487.7.20)
to spread (e.g. a rumor); to circulate; to disseminate
false; pseudo-; quasi-; would-be; sham; pretended
false; pseudo-; quasi-; would-be; sham; pretended
culture; civilization; civilisation; Bunka era (1804.2.11-1818.4.22)
spirit of a deceased person
counter for buildings (esp. houses); suffix for a pen name, stage name, etc.
to walk (a bicycle, scooter, etc.); to push; to wheel
national character; regional character
steam; vapour; vapor; steamboat; steam locomotive
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
newsprint; newspaper used for wrapping, packing, etc.; newspaper
copper plate; copperplate
to carve; to engrave; to sculpt; to tattoo
balloon (esp. small, toy variety); airship; blimp
devising (a way); contriving; device; design; dedication to spiritual improvement (esp. through Zen meditation)
magic; witchcraft; sorcery; spell
failure; defective article; dead loss; good-for-nothing; worthless person; flop
man of virtue; wise man; person of high rank; the four gentlemen (plum, chrysanthemum, orchid, and bamboo)
you're welcome; don't mention it; not at all; my pleasure
fashion; trend; vogue; prevalence (of a disease); epidemic
to be precocious; to be mature for one's age; to seem grown-up; to seem mature
reasoning; logic; persuasion
welfare; public welfare; social welfare; (former) Ministry of Health and Welfare
to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out; to be away from (e.g. one's house); to leave (temporarily); to dawn
sunshine; dry weather; luster; lustre
hot; warm; passionate; impassioned; on everybody's mind; on the radar
bag; sack; skin of an orange (and other like fruits); dead end; plot of land surrounded by water
to conceive; to become pregnant; to get filled with (e.g. sails filled with wind); to be swollen with; to contain (a contradiction, danger, etc.); to carry (a problem, consequences, etc.)
to spread (out); to extend; to stretch; to reach to; to get around; to fill (e.g. a space)
cool; refreshing; clear (e.g. eyes); bright; clear; distinct