upper reaches of a river; upstream
engine; agency; organisation; system; facility
captain (Army, US Marine Corps, USAF); lieutenant (Navy); flight lieutenant (RAF, RAAF, RNZAF, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
practice; training; drill; (an) exercise; workout
brightness; discernment; insight; eyesight; vision; nth year in the Meiji era (1868.9.8-1912.7.30)
koku; traditional unit of volume, approx. 180.4 litres; measure of a Japanese-style boat's loading capacity (approx. 278.26 liters)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to finish; to get through with; to graduate; to come to an end; to end; to finish doing ...
now (esp. in contrast to the past); now at last; at present; right now
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
homeward voyage or flight
road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
southern tip; southern end; southernmost part
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
the East; the Orient; (East) Asia; Japan
direction; district; area; field (e.g. of study); sphere; quarter
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
to build; to construct; to erect; to build up (a reputation, position, fortune, etc.); to establish (a relationship, household, tradition, etc.); to lay (a foundation)
biggest; greatest; largest; maximum
naval port; naval station
fort; stronghold; fortification
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point