three; three years of age
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
stage; step; level; rank; order; stairs
correspondence; communication; transmission; news; signal; telecommunications
magazine; journal; periodical
education; schooling; training; culture; cultivation; education
official writing system of a country; official script; kana (as opposed to kanji); Japanese syllabary; kanji created in Japan (as opposed to China); Japanese-made kanji
national language; Japanese language (esp. as a school subject in Japan); one's native language; mother tongue; native Japanese words (as opposed to loanwords and Chinese-derived words)
religion; religious affiliation; belief; religious activity
science; to think about scientifically; to think in terms of science
movie; film; motion picture
drama; theatre; theater; play
culture; civilization; civilisation; Bunka era (1804.2.11-1818.4.22)
organization; organisation; structure; construction; system (e.g. railroad, transport, party, etc.); tissue; texture (of a rock)
international; diplomatic intercourse
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
August; eighth month of the lunar calendar
15th day of the month; 15 days
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
change; variation; variety; diversity; inflection; declension
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
unprecedented; unheard-of; record-breaking
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality