to imitate; to copy; to mock; to trace; to forge
indirection; indirectness
competition; contest; rivalry; competition (between organisms or species)
to get tired of (doing); to lose interest in
(act of) encouragement; stimulus; incentive
sculpture; carved statue; graven image
to creep in; to steal in; to sneak in
to destroy; to crush; to break by striking; to spoil; to ruin
being enthusiastic about; being wild about; being absorbed in; being engrossed in; being devoted to
to suddenly understand (esp. on basis of experience or memory); to come to mind; to recall (in a flash); to be reminded of; to call to mind; to think of
gambling; competition; game (of chance)
utagaruta; traditional matching game played with cards with stanzas of waka written on them
to content oneself with; to be resigned to (one's fate); to be contented (satisfied) with (one's lot)
five characters; five letters; five-syllable verse of a waka, haiku, renga, etc.; first five syllables of a waka, haiku, renga, etc.
first word (of an infant)
iroha karuta; matching card game usu. consisting of 47 reading cards and 47 picture cards
hereditary occupational group (Yamato period)
to sow; to plant; to sow (the seeds of; e.g. conflict); to sprinkle (gold or silver powder on lacquerware)
to memorize; to memorise; to recite from memory
scrutiny; digging into; excavation; inquiry into; enquiry into; prying
burden; load; responsibility; bearing (a cost, responsibility, etc.); shouldering
sensible; clever; smart; decent; tasteful
good and evil; purity and impurity; voiced and unvoiced consonants
mockery; derision; ridicule
to have an interest (in something); to feel inclined (toward doing something)
to hold in one's arms (e.g. a baby); to embrace; to have sex with; to make love to; to sit on (eggs); to brood
more; much more; step; rung; paragraph; passage
to shun; to avoid; to ostracize; to neglect; to distance oneself from; to give the hard shoulder
to hate; to dislike; to loathe
hearer; listener; audience; interviewer; questioner
waste; scrap; garbage; scum; piece of trash; loser
manly; sportsmanlike; pure (heart, actions, etc.); upright; (arch.) unsullied (e.g. scenery or object); (arch.) pure
talkativeness; garrulity; loquacity
to avoid; to refrain from; to shun; to detest
to stand up; to get up; to rise; to recover; to take action; to start; to make the initial charge
rope used to cordon off consecrated areas or as a talisman against evil
liquor store; wine shop; bottle shop; sake dealer; liquor-store owner; brewer
vegetable shop; greengrocery; seller of vegetables