culture; civilization; civilisation; Bunka era (1804.2.11-1818.4.22)
actual existence; real existence; existing in real life
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
towards; against; regarding; in contrast with
discussion; argument; debate
contemporary literature; modern literature
(the) mainstream; main course (of a river); main stream
translation; deciphering; decoding; translation
view; opinion; finding; findings
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
writing (an essay, prose, etc.); composition; formal writing with little real meaning
this country; our country
enterprise; business; company; corporation
form; shape; figure; morph
about; on; regarding; per; for every
way; manner; school (e.g. of flower arrangement); class; rate; flow
wave; billow; ups and downs; (something) advancing step by step; (something) surging forward inopposably; tendency
library; book collection; paperback book
the rest; the others; in addition (to that); besides that; and so forth; and the like
present age; present day; contemporary; modern era; modern times; contemporary era
quotation; citation; reference
mind; spirit; attitude; mentality; spirit (of a matter); essence
present day; modern times; recent times; early modern period (in Japan, usu. from the Meiji Restoration until the end of World War II)
essence; true nature; substance; reality
hobby; pastime; tastes; preference; liking
one's view on love; one's philosophy of love
many problems; various problems
worldwide; global; international; world-famous; world-class
place; position; location; position; standing; status