prefix for forming ordinal numbers
chapter; section; medal; badge; insignia
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
old man; venerable gentleman; venerable; old; father
waterfall; (arch.) rapids
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
adds force or indicates command
base (military, expedition, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
retirement (from work); leading a quiet life (after retirement); retired person; retiree; surrendering headship of the family (pre-WWII)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
body; oneself; one's place; one's position; main part; meat (as opposed to bone, skin, etc.)
while; during; while; although; all; both
absence; being away from home; house-sitting; house-sitter; being left unattended to (of one's studies, etc.); neglecting
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
worry; concern; anxiety; care; help; aid
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
tea; tea plant (Camellia sinensis); tea preparation; making tea; brown; (arch.) mockery
to clear; to make clear; to be unruffled; to look unconcerned; to look demure; to look prim
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
immediately; at once; soon; before long; easily; readily
horse; horse racing; promoted bishop
prison; jail; gaol; firm; solid; strong
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
troop headquarters; stronghold; inn designated for use by a daimyo (Edo period)
opposite side; bottom; rear; back; lining; inside; in the shadows
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
habit; (social) custom; practice; convention
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
to make one's rounds; to patrol
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
simple; plain; modest; frugal; reserved
something broad and flat; common; ordinary; low-ranking employee; freshman