first time; first; initial
ghost; specter; spectre; apparition; phantom
tower; steeple; spire; stupa; pagoda; dagoba
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
article for sale; goods for sale; offering; specialty; selling point
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
many; much; majority (of); greater part (of); mostly; mainly
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
rumour; rumor; report; hearsay; gossip; common talk
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at once; immediately; right away; directly (face, lead to, etc.); automatically (mean, result in, etc.)
spirit; mind; nature; disposition; motivation; intention
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to raise; to raise up; to wake; to wake up; to cause; to bring about; to start
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
prosecutor general; attorney general
to excuse oneself; to take one's leave; to resign (post); to quit; to decline; to turn down
deserted (esp. store, market, town, streets); quiet; inactive (business, trade, etc.); slack; idle; free
world; society; life; lifetime; age; era; reign
to send (a thing); to dispatch; to take or escort (a person somewhere); to see off (a person); to bid farewell (to the departed); to bury; to spend (time)
circle; entirety; whole; money; dough; enclosure inside a castle's walls; soft-shelled turtle
rod; pole; neck (of a shamisen, etc.); shamisen; beam (i.e. the crossbar of a balance); single line (esp. as a flying formation for geese); penis
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
terrible; dreadful; terrifying; surprising; startling; tremendous
to fall into ruin; to be desolated
residence; estate; grounds; premises; mansion
to buy; to purchase; to value; to have a high opinion; to stir; to provoke
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
fly (any insect of infraorder Muscomorpha); person of no worth; pisher; scrub
noisy; loud; annoying; troublesome; fussy; finicky
even; even if; even though; because of; on the grounds that
to anyone; to everyone; by anyone; by everyone; in everyone; in anyone