everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
book; volume; this; present; main; head
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
to have one's horizons broadened
beginning; start; outset; at first; at the beginning; initially
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to decipher; to count
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
Macintosh (personal computer); mackintosh (coat)
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
Windows (Microsoft operating system)
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to open out (of a view, scenery, etc.); to spread out; to improve (of luck, prospects, etc.); to get better; to develop (of a town, civilization, etc.); to become civilized; to be sensible
to reach the point that; to come to be that; to turn into
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
multiplication table; times table
Heisei era (1989.1.8-2019.4.30)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
June; sixth month of the lunar calendar
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
business; task; use; purpose; for the use of ...; used for ...
tool (esp. software, etc.); tour (e.g. Tour de France)
sale; offering for sale; release (for sale); launch (product)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
both; both sides; both parties
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
possible; potential; practicable; feasible
first generation; founder
edition; version; plate; block; editions of a publication
Genesis (book of the Bible)
McDonald's (fast food restaurant); Mac (personal computer); Macintosh
to be completed; to be finished; to be ready (e.g. to serve or eat); to be very drunk
compact disk; CD; cash dispenser; (negotiable) certificate of deposit