indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
I wonder; do you think?; I might; some kind; some stage; somehow
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
order; command; decree; (software) instruction; statement
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
termination (of a contract); cancellation; rescinding; lifting (of a ban, sanctions, etc.); removal; release (from obligations)
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
destruction; disruption; (application) crash
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
which; where; all; both; anyway; anyhow
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
near; neighbourhood; nearly (e.g. "it took nearly one year"); close to; shortly; soon
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to stick; to paste; to stretch; to spread; to form (e.g. ice on a pond); to fill; to swell
had better ...; had better not ...
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
now; the present time; just now; another; more
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to roll up; to enfold; to swallow up; to involve; to drag into
good policy; wise policy; best plan
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
foot; paw; leg; gait; pace; lower radical of a kanji; means of transportation
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
blockade; lockdown; sealing off (an area); freezing (funds)
area; zone; district; quarter; section; limits
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
time; hour; period; class
to take (a resource, e.g. time or money); to hang; to come into view; to arrive; to come under (a contract, a tax); to start (engines, motors); to attend
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
aim (of a gun, bow, etc.); aim; object; objective
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
management; dealing with; course of events; circumstances; end result (usu. bad); outcome