indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
search; lookup; hunt; (item of) research; exploration; investigation
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence; power
idiot; moron; stupid; foolish; trivial; insignificant; malfunctioning
why; how; for what reason
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
you; you bastard; you son of a bitch; (arch.) you
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
your Excellency; his Excellency; her Excellency
pluralizing suffix; or so; rough indicator of direction, location, amount, etc.; nominalizing suffix
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to be (animate); to be; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed; to (have the audacity to) do
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
to fire (gun, arrow, questions, etc.); to shoot; to set free; to release; to emit (e.g. light); to give off (e.g. a scent)
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
one long cylindrical thing; one film, TV show, etc.; one version; one book; a certain book; ippon; one point
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to avoid (physical contact with); to ward off; to avert; to put aside; to move out of the way
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
to be mentally slow; to be befuddled; to become engrossed in; to become absorbed in; to become frayed and dishevelled (of hair, grass, etc.); to be fluffy
archery; mapping; map; morphism
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
what; what sort of thing; everything; anything; what (on earth)?; what's the meaning of this ...?
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
to kill (with a weapon); to slay; to defeat (an opponent); to beat
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
soldier; combatant; warrior
goblin; apparition; monster; ghost; phantom; spectre