doll; puppet; marionette; puppet (person under the control of another); straw man; yes-man
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to enter; to come in; to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to be contained (in); to be included (in); to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
all; entire; whole; altogether
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
seven; seven years of age; four o'clock (old time system)
nest (of boxes); nesting; concealed information; nested structure; adopting a child after one's own has died; child adopted by a parent of a deceased child
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
after all; in the end; conclusion; end; end of a game of go, shogi, etc.
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
origin; source; basis; base; cause; (raw) material; ingredient
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
to return; to come home; to leave (of a guest, customer, etc.); to get home; to get to home plate
intention; plan; belief; assumption; estimate; estimation
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
I; me; you; (arch.) manservant
to assemble; to put together; to set up; to form (words, sentences, etc.)
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
same; identical; equal; anyway; in any case; if one must ...
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
and yet; despite this; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
Mr; master; Ms; miss; (arch.) sir; (arch.) madam
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
yo!; hello there!; wow!; oh!; yah! (yell)
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
practice; training; drill; (an) exercise; workout
public hall; community center; community centre
meeting place; assembly hall
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to borrow; to rent; to hire; to make use of (another's help, wisdom, etc.); to obtain; to use (for another purpose)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
to work; to labor; to function; to operate; to commit (e.g. a crime); to perpetrate
while; during; while; although; all; both