to scatter; to sprinkle; to distribute (flyers, etc.); to give out; to shake off (a pursuer, companion, etc.); to give the slip
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
to differ (from); to be different; to be wrong; to be incorrect; to become abnormal; to go wrong
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (so) what (are you trying to say)?; what (do you mean)?
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
I; me; you; (arch.) manservant
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
place; location; room; space; sumo tournament
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
single (room); room for one; private room (in a restaurant, etc.); private dining room; (toilet) stall
having no choice but to ...; all one can do is ...; there's nothing to do except ...; having nothing but ...; there is only ...; having only ...
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
-ness; indicates assertion; come (on); come now; er; um; indicates scrutiny, critique or mistrust
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
lie; fib; mistake; error; unwise move; bad decision
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
this time; now; next time; another time; recently; lately
together (with); at the same time; in one lump; in the same category
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
store; shop; establishment; restaurant
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
of course; certainly; naturally
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
luxury; extravagance; treat (i.e. at someone's expense)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to come; to go; to be (somewhere); to be (doing)
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
greeting; greetings; speech (congratulatory or appreciative); address; reply; response; courtesy visit (to offer condolences, say congratulations, pay respect, introduce oneself, etc.)
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
backyard; background; room in a store or restaurant not open to customers (often storage room)
to collect; to gather; to save; to accumulate; to pile up