is that so?; I see; right; oh
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
development; revitalization; standing (something) up; waking up; tilling a rice field; drawing a card from the draw pile
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
ten-day period (in a month); ten-year period (in one's age); decade
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
quiet; silent; slow; unhurried; calm; peaceful
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
wow!; oh!; yeah!; alright!; waah!; boohoo!
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to drop in; to go see (someone); to come to hang out
sentence-ending particle expressing doubt; sentence-ending particle expressing a rhetorical question
heh heh heh; tee-hee; giggle
noon; midday; daytime; lunch
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
hmm; well ...; humph; roughly; harshly; violently
huff!; yo-heave-ho!; yoisho! (word shouted by the spectators during a yokozuna's ritual stomps); yoisho (filler word in folk music, etc.); flattery; buttering up (someone)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
a great deal; very much; a lot; (arch.) with a great amount of effort
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
as (it is); remaining (in a state); with (e.g. one's eyes closed, the light on); while (e.g. standing, alive); as (one pleases, one is told, etc.); according to
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
young bird; chick; fledgling; hina doll; doll displayed during the Girls' Festival
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
happy; glad; pleased; joyful; delightful; gratifying
bag; satchel; briefcase; basket
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
continuously; the whole time; much (more); (by) far; far (away); long (ago, before, after)
aloneness; loneliness; solitude