Kanto; region consisting of Tokyo and surrounding prefectures; Kanto; north-eastern half of Japan (during the feudal era)
district; section; sector
preliminary contest; qualifying round; trial; heat; primary
first; foremost; most important; best; greatest; above all
match; game; bout; contest
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
opposite; opposition; versus; vs.; to (e.g. "winning a game five to three"); equal footing
educational institution; school; academy; campus
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
suddenly; all of a sudden; abruptly
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
thick; deep; kind; cordial; abundant
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to keep someone from doing; to stop; to prevent; to check; to hinder; to obstruct
severe; strict; hard (to do); difficult; intense (e.g. cold); harsh (weather)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be forced to do or experience something (against one's will); to be forced to do something because one has no other choice
noted family; noble family; prestigious school, organization, business, etc.
fellow; mutual; companion; comrade
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
as was expected; just as one thought; sure enough; really; actually; ever
development; evolution; expansion; spreading out; expansion (of an algebraic expression); development (of a three-dimensional shape)
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
way to go!; attaboy!; hear, hear!
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
protection; defense; providence; amulet; charm
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
ball; ball (pitch that falls outside of the strike zone); bowl; board (cardboard, pasteboard, etc.)
emperor (of Japan); mikado; (the gates of an) imperial residence
to cross over; to go across; to extend; to cover; to range
attack; assault; raid; criticism; censure; denunciation