to open (e.g. doors); to open (e.g. business, etc.); to be empty; to be vacant; to be available; to be open (e.g. neckline, etc.); to have been opened (of one's eyes, mouth, etc.)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
seeming; giving the appearance of; giving one the feeling of
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
losing one's position; losing one's standing; downfall; fall (from power); being overthrown
seeming to be; appearing to be; like; similar to; in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that
particularly; especially; in particular; expressly
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
where; which; anyway; anyhow; sooner or later; eventually
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
plan; project; schedule; scheme; program; programme
failure; collapse; breakdown; break-up; bankruptcy
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
expectation; anticipation; prediction; forecast; conjecture
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
result; consequence; coming to fruition; bearing fruit; as a result; consequently
true ancestor; var. of vampire (in fiction)
indicates position in a sequence; divisions of a kabuki performance
release; unleashing; liberation; deallocation (of computer memory)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
after all; in the end; anyway; (cannot) possibly; (not) at all; (not) by any means
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
degree (angle, temperature, scale, etc.); counter for occurrences; strength (of glasses); glasses prescription; alcohol content (percentage); alcohol by volume; extent
dealing with; coping with
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
level; standard; level (plane); floor; spirit level; (surveyor's) level
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to reach; to get to; to arrive at
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
leaving as is; leaving alone; leaving to chance; neglecting; abandoning
to mind; to care about; to be an issue; to matter; to keep company; to care for; to interfere with
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
sacred precincts; sanctuary; consecrated ground; issue that is regarded as being off-limits; matter that is not up for discussion
signatory (country); party (to a treaty)
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned