indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
twelve; 12; queen (playing card)
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
effect; effectiveness; efficacy; effects (e.g. sound effects, visual effects, special effects)
summons; summonsing; citation; subpoena; arraigning; calling
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
show (of power, ability, etc.); exhibition; demonstration; display; manifestation
core; core; hardcore; all-out
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
adds force or indicates command
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
devil; evil spirit; genie
attack; assault; attempt; try
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
hour; o'clock; (specified) time; when ...; during ...
dragon (esp. a Chinese dragon); naga; semi-divine human-cobra chimera in Hindu and Buddhist mythology; promoted rook
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more
(one's) older brother; young man; sonny; lad
one's hand (when playing cards); name tag; nameplate; wallet-sized (photo)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
destruction; disruption; (application) crash
one thin flat object; one sheet
hero; the brave; man of valour (valor)