indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
adds force or indicates command
thunder; thunderclap; crash of thunder
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
you; you bastard; you son of a bitch; (arch.) you
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
hero; the brave; man of valour (valor)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to give one's name (as); to introduce oneself (as); to claim to be; to call oneself; to reveal oneself (as); to admit to being
another world (esp. in fiction); otherworld; parallel universe; different-dimension world; isekai
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
twelve; 12; queen (playing card)
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
appropriate; adequate; suitable; fitting; worthy
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
national convention; national competition; national athletic meet
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
overall victory; championship
important; significant; precious; valuable; careful
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
precisely; exactly; plumb; damn; stupid; cursed
to fall (e.g. blossoms, leaves); to scatter; to be dispersed; to disappear; to dissolve; to spread
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
to put back; to return; to vomit; to throw up; to recover (of a market price)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
errand; mission; messenger; bearer; familiar spirit; use
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...