to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
adds force or indicates command
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
to make (the best) use of; to put to good use; to let live; to keep alive; to revive; to resuscitate
cooking; cookery; cuisine; dealing with something; handling; administration
concrete; definite; specific; material; substantial
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
elegance; grace; article; item; counter for items (of food, etc.); counter for dishes or courses (at a restaurant)
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
now that you say that; now that you mention it
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
main; principal; main dish; main course; main part; principal part
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
ingredient; (raw) material; unprocessed timber; raw timber; subject matter; topic
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
egg white; white-fleshed fish (e.g. tai, hirame, karei); white meat; sapwood
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
Japanese scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis); Yesso scallop
cooking, esp. frying or stir-frying; heating; tempering; -ware
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
leading part; leading actor; leading actress
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
potato (Solanum tuberosum)
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
to think of; to come up with
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
Hokkaido (island, prefectural-level administrative unit)
course (e.g. of lectures); academic university unit (professor, lecturers, etc.)
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to deal with (a person); to treat; to deal with (a problem); to handle; to operate (e.g. a machine); to handle; to deal in