yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
sky; heaven; God; svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth); deva (divine being of Buddhism); top (of a book); sole (of a Japanese sandal)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to provide; to afford; to assign; to cause
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
interrogative sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
your home; your family; their home; (my) home
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
honorific/polite/humble prefix
cooking; cookery; cuisine; dealing with something; handling; administration
skillful; skilled; proficient; flattery
to make matters worse; besides; what's more; in addition; on top of that
cute; adorable; dear; precious; innocent; childlike
system; lineage; corollary; system (range of strata that correspond to a particular time period); (taxonomical) series
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
honest; frank; candid; honestly; frankly
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to have both; to possess both; to combine with
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
height (of body); stature
low (rank, degree, value, content, quality, etc.); low (position); close to the ground; short (height); deep (voice); in a low key
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
unrelated; irrelevant; unconcerned; unconnected
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
anyhow; at any rate; anyway; somehow or other; generally speaking; in any case
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!