indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
union; combination; association; RENGO (Japanese Trade Union Confederation)
(political) administration; political power
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to destroy; to break (by striking); to smash; to ruin (a plan, atmosphere, etc.); to spoil; to wreck
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
good performance; good work; great success
(one's) older brother; young man; sonny; lad
yikes; oops; eep; wow; aargh
pluralizing suffix; nickname-forming suffix
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; used for soft emphasis or to soften a statement or request; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.
cooking; food preparation
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
last moment; eleventh hour; platform made of dirt used to perform executions (decapitations) in the Edo period
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
painful; sore; cringy; embarrassing
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
prior; beforehand; in advance; before the fact; ex ante
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
consultation; discussion; discussing; asking (someone) for advice
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
eager; earnest; ardent; OFF (on switch)
pluralizing suffix; or so; rough indicator of direction, location, amount, etc.; nominalizing suffix
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
hmm; well ...; humph; roughly; harshly; violently
natural; reasonable; obvious; usual; common; ordinary