stairs; stairway; staircase
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to rise; to go up; to enter (esp. from outdoors); to come in; to enter (a school); to advance to the next grade; to get out (of water)
immediately; at once; soon; before long; easily; readily
front; frontage; facade; main
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
a lot; lots; enough; sufficient; enough; too many
cartoon; comic; comic strip; manga
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to surround; to encircle; to besiege; to lay siege to; to play (go, shogi, etc.)
sanctuary; Sanctuary (faction of the Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan); Akamatsu faction; Akamatsu group
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
really; truly; indeed; good grief
clothes (esp. Western clothes); counter for doses of medicine, gulps of tea, drags of a cigarette, etc.
to throw; to hurl; to give up; to abandon; to cast (a glance, shadow, doubt, etc.)
keep ...-ing; have been ...-ing; leaving (something) on; leaving (something) still in use
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
wrong; not good; hopeless; past hope; must not do
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to stick through; to force through; to spread throughout; to thoroughly diffuse; to make a path between two points; to proceed in a logical manner; to let pass
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
(cute) suffix for familiar person; cute adjective form
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...