not exceeding; and downward; below (e.g. standard); under (e.g. a level); the below-mentioned; the following
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to leave (behind); to leave (undone); to not finish; to save; to set aside; to leave (to someone, esp. after one's death)
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
thanks; gratitude; manners; etiquette; bow; reward; gift
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
at present; currently; so far; for now; for the time being
favourable; favorable; doing well; OK; all right
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to drag into; to pull into; to lure inside; to win over; to entice into
to be surprised; to be astonished
something; something or other; so-and-so; somehow; anyhow; one way or another
to manage something successfully; to be successful
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
training; drill; practice; discipline
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to advance; to move forward; to carry forward (plans, work, etc.); to proceed with; to raise; to elevate
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
below; down; bottom; beneath; underneath; just after; right after
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
after that; afterwards; thereafter
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
whether or not (in phrases like "I don't know whether or not I can come")
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
to take someone (to some place); to take someone along; to lead someone away
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey