indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
number one; first; best; most; game; round
nori; laver; edible seaweed, usu. Porphyra yezoensis or P. tenera, usu. dried and pressed into sheets
hoe-shaped helmet crest; stag beetle
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
generating cycle (of the five elements in Chinese philosophy; wood generates fire, fire generates earth, earth generates metal, metal generates water, water generates wood); mutual generation
yikes; oops; eep; wow; aargh
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
being on duty; person on duty; one's turn
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
rubbish; trash; garbage; refuse; litter
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to help; to assist; to aid; to contribute to; to be a factor in
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
absolutely; definitely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
please (give me); please (do for me)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
how about ...?; I wonder; I don't know
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
killing; destruction of life; cruel; heartless; callous
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
just safe (e.g. just avoiding being late, failing an exam, etc.); only just OK; barely acceptable
waterway; channel; wake (of a ship)
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience