oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
skillful; skilful; delicious; appetizing; fortunate; splendid
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
sweets (desserts, candy, etc.)
materials; ingredients; material (for a novel, experiment, etc.); subject matter; grounds (for a decision, judgement, etc.); basis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
expressly; especially; taking the trouble (to do); intentionally; deliberately
foreign; abroad; overseas
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to order; to send away for; to have (something) sent to one; to pull (something) closer
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to cover; to hide; to conceal; to wrap; to disguise
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
while; during; performed in this condition
to lose (a chance); to miss (a chance); to overlook; to omit; to deviate; to depart from (the norm, etc.)
exactly; surely; right then; just then; just (about to); on the verge (of doing or happening)
home (of something); place famous for its ...; place of origin; birthplace; morning session; last session in the morning
flavor; flavour; charm; appeal; experience; taste (e.g. of victory)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
overbearing; coercive; pushy; forcible; high-handed
to advance; to go forward; to precede; to go ahead (of); to make progress; to improve; to deepen
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
time; hour; period; class