indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
first (of all); firstly; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
homeroom; form room; form class
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
3 o'clock; afternoon snack (eaten around 3 o'clock); three ages of Buddhism (following the death of Gautama Buddha; age of the true law, age of the copied law, and age of the degeneration of the law); three ages of the dharma
interval; period of time; among; between; good opportunity; chance
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
continuation; succession; series; continuous
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
lesson; class; teaching; instruction; classwork; schoolwork
lunch break; noon recess; noon rest period
to fall (over, down); to collapse; to be destroyed (in a collapse); to collapse; to be confined to bed (with an illness); to come down with; to die
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young woman; young (animal); offshoot
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to send (a person or thing) to; to deliver; to escort
to be truant; to slack off; to play hooky; to skip school; to cut class; to skip out
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
after school (at the end of the day)
mass meeting; convention; tournament; competition; grand event
near; close; close (in time); soon; close (relationship); friendly
practice; training; drill; (an) exercise; workout
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to raise; to elevate; to move something (to a higher place); to put onto (e.g. a shelf); to increase (price, quality, status, etc.); to raise (a wage); to show someone (into a room)
in this way; like this; this (much); so; uh; er
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
reason; cause; meaning; sense; (good) sense; reason
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
unhappy; sad; miserable; wretched; gloomy; melancholic
all day long; all the day; throughout the day
standing for a long time; remaining standing
indicates reason or excuse; indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged
health sandals; reflexology sandals; massage sandals