this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
bad (taste); unpalatable; poor; unskillful; ugly; unattractive
adds force or indicates command
as is; as it is; as things are; like this; this way; at this rate
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
lie; fib; mistake; error; unwise move; bad decision
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
in that way; thus; so; so?
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
sunflower (Helianthus annuus)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
wrong; different; not like that