new rice field; newly developed rice field; wasteland or marshland newly reclaimed as a rice field (Edo period)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
until now; till now; up to now; up to the present; so far
to return; to come home; to leave (of a guest, customer, etc.); to get home; to get to home plate
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
scary; frightening; eerie; dreadful
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
neck; head; dismissal (from a job); firing
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
regret; flesh, blood vessels and fat from around chicken heart (usu. served as yakitori)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
goodbye; so long; saying goodbye to (e.g. life as a bachelor); putting an end to; farewell (performance, party, etc.); final
success; achievement; succeeding (in life); (worldly) success; prosperity
young bird; chick; fledgling; hina doll; doll displayed during the Girls' Festival
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
in spite of; despite; although; nonetheless; nevertheless; but
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
town; block; downtown; main street; street; road
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
home delivery (of food); outside catering
I'm off (and will be back later); see you later; to go (and then come back)
apricot (Prunus armeniaca)
by no means; never!; certainly (not); surely (not); something unexpected; emergency
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that