indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
sword (esp. a large, double-edged one); blade; bayonet; swordsmanship; stinger; ovipositor
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
swordsman; swordswoman; fencer
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
fashion; way; school (of thought); class; rank; current (electrical, water, etc.)
advanced level; high grade; senior
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
image (in one's mind); impression; (computer) image; depiction (e.g. of a product); rendition
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
promise; agreement; convention; rule; destiny; fate
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
in that way; thus; so; so?
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk