ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
bow (weapon); archery; bow (for a violin, etc.)
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
foreigner; foreign citizen; foreign national; alien; non-Japanese
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
meeting (face-to-face); seeing; visit; interview
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
perhaps; maybe; perchance; by some chance; by any chance
good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable
anyhow; at any rate; anyway; somehow or other; generally speaking; in any case
immediately; at once; soon; before long; easily; readily
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
yo!; hello there!; wow!; oh!; yah! (yell)
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
expert; learned person; doctor; PhD; instructor at the imperial court (ritsuryo period); pitch and length marks (to accompany a Buddhist liturgical chant, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
abrupt; sudden; unexpected
trouble; bother; annoyance
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
professor; teaching; instruction
(it was) no bother at all; not at all; it was nothing
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
single word; a few words; brief comment
contacting; getting in touch; communication; call; message
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
receiving; welcoming; going to meet; final call; call of fate; approach of death
to rise; to go up; to enter (esp. from outdoors); to come in; to enter (a school); to advance to the next grade; to get out (of water)
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
no!; no no!; no, not at all
to be renewed; to change; to be improved; to be reformed; to stand on ceremony; to be formal
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
disliked; hated; tendency; smack (of); distinction; discrimination
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
as a matter of fact; by the way; to tell you the truth; to be honest; frankly
sudden; abrupt; urgent; pressing; steep; sharp; rapid
glance; look; glimpse; complete view; bird's-eye view
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
alright; all right; right on; looking good; OK; okay