right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
first (of all); firstly; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
pince-nez glasses; pince-nez; nose glasses; Groucho glasses
staying up late; keeping late hours; sitting up late at night; nighthawk
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
school festival; cultural festival; annual open day school event showcasing student talent
allocation; assignment; allotment
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to dig out; to gouge out; to scoop; to ladle; to jerk (one's chin)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
holding two or more positions concurrently
busy; occupied; hectic; restless; hurried; fidgety
near; close; close (in time); soon; close (relationship); friendly
extra; more; unnecessary; needless; all the more; even more
spring; springtime; New Year; prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); adolescence
suffix for familiar person
cornerstone; main point; requirement; need; necessary; required
breasts; boobies; tits; breast milk
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
a little; a bit; slightly
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo